Canadian Underwriter

Category: Tech

  • What happens when AI agents talk to each other? The risks for insurers

    What happens when AI agents talk to each other? The risks for insurers

    3d rendering couple cyborgs or robots male and female

    Using agentic AI to improve operational speed and efficiency in property and casualty insurance organizations may be the way of the future, but brokers will need to continually audit collected data to affirm their origins and integrity, P&C insurance professionals heard at the Insurance Bureau of Canada’s 2026 Insight Summit in Toronto last week.

    To this end, one emerging risk to watch for is whether the data is being delivered to insurance providers by humans or machines.

    “I have a fear, a real fear, of [AI] agents talking to other [AI] agents,” says Jason James, founder and chief information security officer at Emperium Governance Risk & Compliance, during a panel discussion on AI in commercial insurance. “I have not seen a technology that can detect another agent [or] knowing that it negotiated with the [another AI] agent.”

    Related: How to insure AI data centres in Canada

    James imagined a conversation between two agentic AI agents, one representing a P&C company’s firewall, and the other an agentic bot representing a bad actor posing as a commercial insurance client.  

    In this scenario, the insurance company has a firewall. And the agentic AI firewall is instructed to ‘stop all bad things.’

    An AI bot representing a commercial company applies for insurance and starts talking to the company’s AI bot representing the insurer’s firewall.

    “And this [commercial company’s AI agent is] saying, ‘I am an automated agent trying to get into this organization,’” James says. “And [the insurance provider’s firewall] agent says, ‘No, you can’t come.’”

    To this, the commercial client’s AI agent says: “Hey, don’t worry about it. I’m good. I’m cool. Let me in.”

    “Where do you want to go?” the insurer’s firewall asks. “I’m not supposed to do it.”

    But, James says, the client’s AI agent responds: “Yeah, I just want to grab some stuff over there.”

    “It’s okay,” says the company firewall. “Make it quick.”

    James says this hypothetical conversation may sound funny, but it’s entirely within the realm of possibility.

    “How would we know?” James asked rhetorically.

    Game theory

    He described another situation in which a client’s AI bot managed to game the insurer’s application process.

    “This is my bot I created at home that has all my personal data in it,” James says “It knows exactly what to respond [when asked for information during the insurer’s application process]. It does the calculation of [my] background to get me the lowest premium. It may or may not be true.

    “Do we have technology right now to say this application was filled out by human or a bot?”

    The level of AI use in the Canadian P&C insurance industry is unknown and difficult to track. Seventy-five percent of 32 brokerage principals in Canadian Underwriter’s 2026 National Broker Survey reported they have not invested in AI at all over the past two years. Twenty-two percent reported making investments of up to $5 million.

    And a 2024 study by Ontario’s broker regulator, the Registered Insurance Brokers of Ontario (RIBO), did an unspecified numbers personal interviews with brokers and found “a widespread use of robotic process automation for back-office functions like data management, which can leverage AI.

    “One of our interviewees has started to explore use cases that are more customer-facing, including using AI for marketing strategy and content, customer engagement (e.g., chatbots), and even identifying policy renewal options.”

    Related: Brokerages are late to the party on AI investment: survey

    One of the greatest benefits of AI in commercial insurance right now is its ability to synthesize and process massive amounts of data, thereby reducing duplicate entry, says IBC Insight Summit panellist Iman Arastoo, co-founder and chief operating officer of Insurmatics Inc.

    “We know that, based on studies, about 60% of underwriting time is consumed by manual data intake, copying, data entry, typing, or something like that,” says Arastoo. “So…we try to provide a shift by [offering] agentic AI [solutions].

    “And by agentic AI, I mean it’s not about AI chatbots. It’s not about search engines by AI. It means that we can execute workflows. We can automate workflows end-to-end.”

    But as machines build up massive data sets from several unstructured data sources, it’s important for the humans to make sure they can track the data back to their original source, says James. That requires regular internal audits of AI databases.

    Both James and Arastoo note the ideal use of AI in commercial lines would see agentic AI for the data, a human in the loop for decision-making, and a robust compliance policy for handling data.

    “At this point, it’s it’s not totally automatic,” Arastoo says of current agentic AI solutions. “Let me emphasize it’s important to have a human in the loop. If we have a combination between agentic AI and human in the loop with a good policy for compliance, it could be a very good model, a new model, to do underwriting processes with a better way, less cost, and more profitability.

    “The goal here is to eliminate administrative friction, administrative headaches, for underwriters and for the commercial insurance lifecycle. And so underwriters, by this approach, can focus on risk.”

  • Brokerages are late to the party on AI investment: survey

    Brokerages are late to the party on AI investment: survey

    Woman Checking The Time Being Late for Party

    Three quarters of brokerage owners polled in Canadian Underwriter’s 2026 National Broker Survey report they have not invested in artificial intelligence (AI) over the past two years.

    As for broker owners currently investing in AI, it’s a mixed bag whether they think it’s strengthening the business, the survey shows. Twenty-three percent of the 30 brokerage owners polled thought AI was “highly beneficial” for the business, whereas another 23% thought it was “not beneficial at all.”

    In this year’s annual broker survey, CU included questions for the first time about AI investment and its use in brokerages across the country. The survey heard from 169 brokers, with 32 of them identifying as brokerage owners or principals.

    Of the 30 brokerage owners who answered our questions about AI, about half (15) were from smaller brokerages (fewer than 20 employees), 10 were from mid-sized brokerages (21 to 100 employees), and four worked at large brokerages (more than 100 employees).

    Eight out of 10 small brokerage owners said they haven’t invested in AI over the past two years. Seventy percent of mid-sized brokerage owners said they had not invested in AI, while half of the four larger brokerages said they had not invested.

    Of the brokerage owners who reported investing in AI over the past two years, the vast majority said they’d invested up to $5 million. Only one brokerage owner, at a large brokerage, invested more than $6 million (between $6 million to $10 million) over the past 10 years.

    Related: As NatCats slow to a dull roar, brokers turn their attention to other concerns

    And how did owners say they’re using AI?

    Over half (52%) said they used AI to improve productivity at the brokerage. This would include using AI to streamline occupational tasks such as documentation, marketing or record-keeping.

    Thirty-nine percent said they used it to enhance customer service. Examples include automating customer service or using chatbots to answer customer queries.

    Tied for the next-most-frequent use of AI, at 22%, were:

    • expansion of business opportunities (i.e., identifying new clients, segmenting customers, assessing risk or new product creation)  
    • greater profitability opportunities through personalized pricing opportunities, or optimized insurance pricing.     

    Nine percent said they used AI to detect fraud.

    As noted, the jury was out on whether brokerage owners thought AI was strengthening their businesses.

    And so, how was it working out for the frontline brokers using AI?

    CU asked broker producers if they found any AI investments at the brokerage over the past two years to be beneficial in their work. The numbers suggest a steady climb in the number of producers who found AI beneficial.

    Thirty-four percent of 158 producers surveyed in 2026 said they found AI or machine learning “highly beneficial” in their work (i.e., a score of 4 or 5 out of 5.)

    That’s up from 25% who said so in 2025, and 21% who gave AI technology a thumbs-up in 2021.  

  • Handbook | AI exposes the limits of insurance operating models

    Handbook | AI exposes the limits of insurance operating models

    Digital Brain. AI. Machine Learning. AI Neural Network Concepts

    As insurers move from digital transformation into the AI era, many are discovering technology alone cannot transform organizations designed for a different era.

    The insurance industry is asking increasingly urgent questions about artificial intelligence and the next era of transformation. Years of observing large-scale operational and transformation efforts in insurance reveal a clear pattern: the conversation often begins in the wrong place.

    Across boardrooms, the discussion frequently starts with technology. Platforms, data architecture, automation tools, and AI capabilities dominate the agenda.

    In some organizations, the dialogue expands to include digital strategy, focusing on customer interfaces, distribution channels, and the digitization of workflows.

    Both conversations matter. But they are not the same thing.

    What often receives far less attention is something deeper — the structural design of the enterprise itself. The organization’s system of decisions, authority, and workflows ultimately determines whether or not transformation produces real enterprise value.

    AI changes the system, not just the tools

    Stock image of an Afro-Caribbean male designing electronic circuit boards ( PCBs).
    Istock.com/Laurence Dutton

    In many insurance companies today, the real constraint is not technological capability. Nor is it a lack of experimentation with artificial intelligence, investment in modern platforms, or even awareness of digital opportunity. The deeper challenge begins elsewhere. It begins with operating model clarity and the executive discipline required to redesign it.

    Across industries, fewer than 10% of senior executives report their organizations have successfully scaled artificial intelligence across the enterprise. This ambition is widespread, but the organizational systems required to support it are still emerging. To understand why, we need to step back and look at how transformation in insurance has evolved.

    Over the past two decades, insurers have moved through successive waves of technological change.

    Early automation improved efficiency in transaction-heavy, back-office processes.

    The subsequent digital transformation focused on modernizing customer interactions, digitizing operational workflows, and connecting distribution and service channels.

    Artificial intelligence represents a fundamentally more structural shift.

    Whereas automation improved tasks, and digital transformation modernized interactions, AI begins to influence how decisions themselves are produced across the enterprise.

    AI introduces new possibilities for how human expertise and intelligent systems interact across growth functions, underwriting, claims, service, risk management, and financial oversight.

    This progression pushes transformation beyond technology adoption toward something deeper; that is, the redesign of enterprise architecture, so that human expertise and intelligent systems work together across the insurance value chain.

    In practice, this is where many transformation efforts begin to stall. Not because of technology, but because the underlying system has not been redesigned to support it.

    AI’s value: interaction, not isolation

    Many insurers are now attempting to enter the AI era while still operating within structures designed for earlier technological cycles.

    Historically, insurance organizations were built around functional expertise. Underwriting, claims, service, actuarial, and finance developed as distinct domains, each with deep subject matter knowledge and clearly defined responsibilities.

    In the automation and early digital eras, those structures remained largely effective. Technology improved the efficiency of individual functions without fundamentally altering how the enterprise as a whole operated.

    However, AI places far greater pressure on the connections between those functions.

    AI systems do not simply automate tasks. They interact with decision architectures that span underwriting, claims, service, risk management, and financial oversight. For AI to generate meaningful enterprise value, those decision architectures must be understood in their full enterprise context.

    Introducing AI into a workflow is not simply a technical change. Leaders must first clarify the value proposition of the change, the outcomes AI is expected to produce, and how those outcomes affect the broader insurance value chain.

    Leaders must understand how AI’s new capabilities interact with upstream and downstream decisions, what data structures are required to support them, and how responsibilities shift across functions.

    Diverse business team in a modern office during a meeting, discussing artificial intelligence strategy. Concept of AI innovation, teamwork, leadership, corporate planning, professional collaboration.
    iStock.com/HudHudPro

    Equally important are the human implications. Operational leaders, subject matter experts, technology teams, and executive leadership must align on who defines the problem, who validates the solution, and who ultimately owns the results.

    Without that alignment, technology can move forward while the organization itself remains uncertain about how the system is meant to evolve.

    This raises a more fundamental question for the insurance industry.

    It is not merely a question of how insurers deploy artificial intelligence, but who has the mandate to redesign how the enterprise actually works.

    The design of that mandate is rarely simple. It reflects the strategy of the organization, the markets it serves, its capital structure, and its appetite for structural change. In some companies, transformation authority sits within business units. In others, it is coordinated centrally through enterprise leadership.

    The model will vary. The discipline required to define it does not.

    Transformation becomes an executive discipline

    Transformation rarely falters because of technology alone. More often, it stalls when organizations underestimate the discipline required to redesign how decisions, incentives, and authority flow through the system.

    Decision-making increasingly depends on the integration of data, workflows, and judgment across multiple parts of the value chain. Structures that once optimized specialization can struggle to support the level of coordination now required by AI.

    Across the industry, insurers are experimenting with different structural approaches. Some organizations are moving toward vertically oriented business units with greater end-to-end accountability. Others maintain matrix structures that connect product, function, and market leadership. Still others retain enterprise operating models anchored in centralized capabilities.

    Each of these models can succeed when designed thoughtfully. What matters most is whether the organization understands how its chosen structure connects expertise, authority, and decision-making across the system.

    AI transformation requires leadership capabilities that many organizations have not yet fully developed — including the ability to translate between technology capability, operational reality, and enterprise value creation.

    Technology leaders understand what AI systems can do. Operational leaders understand how underwriting, claims, service, and risk management actually function. Enterprise leadership focuses on capital allocation, growth, and competitive positioning.

    But true transformation occurs only when those perspectives converge.

    That convergence rarely happens automatically. It requires leaders who can see the architecture of the enterprise system and understand how technology, workflows, authority structures, and human judgment interact to produce outcomes.

    Successful organizations will treat transformation as an executive discipline. This means clarifying authority, redesigning operating models, and aligning technology, operations, and strategy around measurable value creation.

    Ultimately, artificial intelligence alone will not define the next era of insurance transformation.

    It will be defined by leaders who have the clarity, accountability, and discipline to redesign how insurance actually works.

  • How AI investment affects profitability and premium growth

    How AI investment affects profitability and premium growth

    AI investment concept

    Property and casualty insurers in North America that invest more resources in advanced analytics and artificial intelligence (AI) achieve greater profitability and premium growth, says a new survey from WTW.

    Insurers using more sophisticated analytics achieved combined ratios six percentage points lower and premium growth three percentage points higher compared to slower adopters between 2022 and 2024, says the WTW 2026 P&C Insurance Advanced Analytics & AI Survey Report, released last week.

    “Advanced analytics and AI are beginning to yield significant payoffs, as lead carriers report measurable returns on investment,” says Laura Doddington, head of personal and commercial lines for North America with WTW’s Insurance Consulting and Technology business, in a press release. “With insurers planning to ramp up investment across personal and commercial lines, advanced analytics is shifting rapidly from competitive advantage to essential requirement to maintain market viability and drive sustainable growth.”

    Almost all insurers that took part in the WTW survey now use underwriting and pricing analytics. Close to 80% of 59 insurers polled in Canada and the U.S. rely on advanced rating and pricing models, with an additional 11% planning to implement them soon. This makes predictive rating models essentially universal from 2026, WTW reports.

    From a Canadian P&C brokerage perspective, brokers have also found actions or investment in AI or machine learning tools such as ChatGPT beneficial over the past two years. Thirty-five percent of brokers in Canadian Underwriter’s 2026 National Broker Survey rank AI investments or actions as ‘highly beneficial’ or 4/5 on a scale of 1 (not beneficial at all) to 5 (highly beneficial). That’s up from 24% in CU’s 2025 broker survey and 17% in 2024.

    Diverging perspectives

    There is a discrepancy, however, in AI investment ambitions between carriers and brokerages. In WTW’s survey, more than half of respondents report already using things like large language models and generative AI. Another 29% plan to adopt these technologies within the next two years. While only 16% of polled insurers currently use AI to augment human underwriting, this figure is set to rise sharply, with 60% of insurers planning to prioritize this between now and 2028.

    “If survey respondents follow through with their intended AI and machine learning initiatives, adoption in underwriting, claims and customer service is set to increase two or even threefold by 2028,” WTW says in the release.

    But when asked how much money Canadian P&C brokerages have invested to implement AI platforms or initiatives, 75% of respondents in CU’s 2026 National Broker Survey said, “we have not invested in AI.” Twenty-two percent said up to $5 million, while only 3% said between $6 million to $10 million.

    WTW’s survey found insurers’ claims functions have been slower to adopt, but more carriers are signalling aggressive plans to expand their use of advanced analytics. Although one-third or fewer carriers currently use claims advanced analytics for fraud detection (33%) and severity assessment (29%), these figures are expected to reach 65%-70% within the next two years. An additional 36% plan to introduce straight-through processing in claims workflow automation, a significant increase from the current 14%.

    “The ability to harness advanced analytics and AI will increasingly define market relevance, operational efficiency, and strategic agility…,” Doddington says.

  • How cybercriminals are attacking your business clients in 2026

    How cybercriminals are attacking your business clients in 2026

    Women fighting against cybercriminals

    Cybersecurity professionals need to keep training employees at businesses large and small to scrutinize inbound emails.

    A new report from insurance provider Coalition, the 2026 Cyber Claims Report, finds business email compromise (BEC) attacks increased by 171% in 2025. BEC attacks involve cybercriminals impersonating a company’s leaders to trick employees into sending data, including log-in credentials or money.

    On the slightly brighter side, Canada-specific data from the report finds the severity of BEC attacks fell by 17% during the past year, with an average loss totalling $21,000.

    Meanwhile overall cyber claims in Canada rose by 102% during 2025, and severity of those claims fell 66%. The average loss amount was $88,000.

    Incidents of funds transfer fraud also rose sharply (57%), although severity fell 68% for an average loss amount of $116,000.

    Related: The cyber scam that’s trending more than ransomware

    Fraudulent funds transfers attacks are used by cyber scammers to fool a company’s employees into sending funds into the wrong accounts. It often works alongside BEC attacks, by taking advantage of an employee sending account credentials to a scammer. 

    What are the most popular attack vectors?

    BEC attacks lead the way at 36%, followed by funds transfer fraud at 25%, ransomware (17%), miscellaneous first-party loss (16%), and third-party allegations (6%).

    Related: Giant Tiger customer data compromised in incident with third-party vendor

    The report’s global findings saw initial ransom demands surge 47% year-over-year between 2024 and 2025 to an average exceeding US$1 million. But it notes 86% of targeted businesses refused to pay those ransoms.

    Globally, the report says, projections for cybersecurity spending rose 24% over the past two years, from $193 billion in 2024 to $240 billion in 2026 (per a Gartner forecast).

    Related: Protecting clients from deepfake damage

    “The data suggests a turning point in the economics of ransomware,” says Coalition’s global head of claims, Rob Jones. “While the threat actors escalate their demands to push for higher, seven-figure payouts, cyber insurer support is helping businesses limit losses and is starting to help tip the scales back in favor of defenders.”

    Further, businesses with more than $100 million in revenue saw claims frequencies five times higher than smaller organizations, global findings in Coalition’s report note.

    The report is derived using data collected from Coalition’s policyholders in the U.S., U.K., Canada, Australia and Germany.

  • Why CISOs don’t trust cyber insurance — and how the industry can fix it

    Why CISOs don’t trust cyber insurance — and how the industry can fix it

    A serious young man comparing data and documents.

    Some chief information security officers (CISOs) don’t trust cyber insurers because historically it hasn’t felt like a partnership, but there are ways to rebuild trust, says Lindsey Maher, head of global cyber development at CFC.

    “It’s common for a CISO to feel insurers reduce their very complex environments to checklists, speak a different language, or show up only at renewal or crisis — and subsequently, CISOs feel judged rather than supported,” Maher tells Canadian Underwriter. “The good news is the industry is shifting: the more we build transparency, context, and collaboration into the relationship, the faster that mistrust disappears.”

    This mistrust isn’t new, it’s been there since the earliest days of the product, Maher says. “I entered the market in 2010 and feel fairly certain it predates that.”

    It comes from two worlds that grew up separately: security teams built around engineering and threat response, and insurers built around risk transfer.

    “For years we didn’t share the same language, the same data, or the same expectations, so CISOs often felt judged rather than supported,” she tells CU. “That legacy still lingers, but it’s changing fast.

    “As an industry, we’re finally building the shared understanding and transparency that turns insurance from a checkbox into a genuine partner in resilience.”

    Maher addressed the issue in a Feb. 25 LinkedIn post, Why CISO’s Distrust Cyber Insurance — and How to Fix It.

    There can even be accusations that insurers are just looking for ways not to pay claims. “If you work in cyber insurance, you know the narrative simply isn’t true,” she writes in the post. “We’ve been transparent about our claims acceptance rate (now 99.4%), and we know many of our peers have similar numbers.

    “Yet every week, another LinkedIn post goes viral accusing insurers of playing ‘gotcha’ with claims.”

    The irony is that CISOs are the very people cyber insurers are trying to protect.

    Sources of disconnect

    The problem stems from several sources:

    • Cyber underwriters often pursue some of the toughest security certifications in the world just to speak the same language as CISOs — only to turn around and dictate what their security posture ‘should’ be. “That dynamic breeds tension, not trust,” Maher writes.
    • CISOs don’t hate controls; they hate when insurers evaluate them in a vacuum. ‘MFA everywhere’ sounds great — unless operational constraints or compensating controls achieve the same outcome. A company can have every control and still get breached, or have fewer controls and remain resilient. When insurers reduce complex environments to checklists, CISOs feel unheard and oversimplified, Maher says.
    • Cyber policies are complex and when read like legal puzzles, fear of hidden exclusions grows, Maher writes.
    • Claims can feel like negotiations not lifelines. The initial incident response time is a coveted award of who can respond the fastest and who can mitigate the quickest. “Followed by a lengthy and painful business interruption adjustment process that doesn’t line up.”

    To rebuild trust, the insurance industry should shift from ‘checklist underwriting’ to ‘risk-based underwriting,’ Maher writes. “Binary yes/no questionnaires don’t reflect real‑world environments. Underwriting should be a qualitative dialogue — the kind only a human can have, especially in an era where AI threatens to automate everything else, including underwriting.”

    The industry should also explain why a control matters and how it affects premiums. By sharing loss data and rewarding improvements, transparency can turn suspicion into collaboration.

    “Cyber insurers should be shouting their claims acceptance rates from the rooftops!” Maher writes. “Yet every week, another LinkedIn post goes viral accusing insurers of playing ‘gotcha’ with claims.”

    Policies need to be in plain language, rather than legalese, she says. For example, include explicit definitions of what’s meant by ‘as soon as reasonable,’ what constitutes a systemic event, and clear examples of what is and isn’t covered.

    It’s also important to highlight the personal liability CISOs face. “Avoiding punitive language and offering clarity around protections can transform insurance from a threat into a safeguard.”

    Integrating insurance with security improvements can help. The best insurers already offer bundled or discounted tools, shifting insurance from a passive risk transfer mechanism to an active security accelerator.

    “For SMEs, this can be the reason they buy cyber insurance full stop,” writes Maher. “For CISOs at larger companies, it’s the way they differentiate between who they place their business with.”

    She says cyber insurance and cybersecurity are two halves of the same mission: protecting organizations from existential digital threats.

    “Yet somewhere along the way, we allowed miscommunication, complexity, and misaligned incentives to fracture that relationship…Something is fundamentally wrong if the very people we’re trying to protect feel alienated from us.

    “And something powerful can happen when we fix that.”

  • Tips for brokers selling cyber insurance

    Tips for brokers selling cyber insurance

    Insurance agent showing where to sign a contract

    Understanding a client’s specific cyber exposure — and raising cyber insurance throughout the policy term — can go a long way in helping sell the product, an industry professional said last week during a webinar.

    “The brokers…[that] keep growing year over year don’t wait to have the discussion about the need for cyber insurance at the renewal period, which I think is very tempting to be fair,” says Kelly McGuinness, cyber, tech and professional liability development leader for CFC in Canada. “Oftentimes brokers are dealing with hundreds of clients, and they don’t have the time necessarily to talk to them mid-term about the potential exposures that exist.

    “But I found that brokers who have the conversation throughout the policy term for their other coverage find a lot of success when they bring up the conversation around cyber insurance.”

    McGuiness made her comments during the CFC webinar, The inside cyber scoop: What brokers need to know in 2026. She was responding to a question from webinar host Lindsey Maher, CFC’s head of global cyber development, about what differentiates the brokers McGuiness works with who are “consistently winning cyber deals, from those who struggle.”

    Another tip is to not overcomplicate selling cyber insurance, McGuiness says. “If brokers take the time to know what the client’s exposures are from a cyber perspective, and walk them through a claim situation for their specific company, they help to make what’s perceived to be intangible risk a little bit more tangible.”

    This means becoming an expert in specific industry verticals, she says. For example, if a client works in construction, it would be a good start for brokers to understand the general cyber exposures for construction companies, learn the claims examples and then roll that out in the industry vertical before moving to the next one.

    And given that almost all Canadian businesses are small- to medium-sized enterprises (with 90%-to-95% falling below $250 million in revenue), no opportunity is too small for brokers, McGuiness says. “You have to get into the weeds and make sure that no opportunity is too small to actually take on.”

    It’s also important to work collaboratively with underwriters to get a better understanding of cyber risks and the expectations underwriters have from company to company and risk to risk, McGuiness says. “Picking up the phone and talking to an underwriter is one of the most efficient ways to actually learn and then regurgitate that information back to the client.”

    Lastly, brokers should be “coverage focused, not price focused,” she says. This means focusing on the value of the coverage, emphasizing what’s important to the client and how shortfalls of some policies won’t cover them in the event of a claim, versus focusing on pricing changes year over year.

    AI-enabled attacks

    Some clients may not realize how easy it’s become for cybercriminals to target an organization, particularly with AI-enabled attacks.

    Another webinar speaker says when he started more than 20 years ago as an ethical hacker, it used to take months or even years to identify an attack path for an organization.

    Jason Hart, managing director of CFC’s Proactive Cyber and Global Security Services, says he first had to identify all the employees within the organization, the attack surface, internet-connected devices and associated processes. Then he had to bring the people, technology and processes together to look for weaknesses or potential areas of attack.

    “What if I was to tell you now I could do that in five milliseconds using a simple tool [such] as ChatGPT?” Hart asks.

    Anybody could ask ChatGPT about a company’s attack surface, domain name system or external assets. The AI tool can also tell if the company has the right encryption certificates and other configuration settings. Then ask it about all the employees at an organization and their interests. 

    “Now I have all that you can [say]…‘Could you create a phishing email for some X number of employees?’ Craft a phishing email and it would send it and all of that done…in two minutes,” Hart says. “It’s just an evolution. AI is building on top of ways that hackers have gained access to an organization over time.”

  • Will rising EV sales change auto, and car dealership, coverage?

    Will rising EV sales change auto, and car dealership, coverage?

    Couple discussing an electric vehicle purchase

    A predicted increase in electric vehicle (EV) sales in Canada may gradually change the calculus of auto insurance, says Clinton D’Souza, senior vice president of specialty commercial auto transportation placement at Marsh.

    “There’s probably going to be more leasing of these vehicles, which then brings up…a separate auto policy for short-term leasing,” he says.

    If EV leasing proves more popular than outright ownership, he adds, it’s possible a recent Financial Services Regulatory Authority of Ontario rule allowing pilot programs for selling auto insurance at the dealership level could spur some vehicle retailers to dip a toe into insurance.

    Related: Will Ontario auto policy sales move to car dealerships?

    Tesla, for example, is known for using an embedded insurance strategy. So, if other makers follow suit, the timing could be right for more insurance products being sold alongside vehicles at car dealerships.

    “I think that will also help drive more uptake down the road for these types of automobiles [if the] insurance is embedded into the purchase process,” says D’Souza.

    Greater EV uptake could also impact auto underwriting, he adds, noting most insurers in Canada rely on the Canadian Loss Experience Automobile Rating (CLEAR) system to determine premium levels for specific vehicle makes and models. That’s potentially problematic for EV claims data because uptake for those vehicles in Canada has, so far, been gradual.

    Related: What expanded Canadian EV manufacturing means for commercial insurers

    “In terms of…how the underwriting is going to be done…we don’t have a lot of data on electric vehicles,” he tells CU.

    “Where insurers [and] brokers have to play a role is, you’re going to have to look to see how other regions’ [experiences have been] in terms of electric [vehicles] – how the underwriting has been done – and then take it and use it for Canada based on potential claims cost.”

    Increased EV sales could also impact auto dealerships, which will need to educate customers about the insurance impacts of EVs, and possibly offer add-on coverages.

    “There’s a lot of auto dealership programs across the country [and we could] see more services that those dealers would want to upsell in terms of a warranty type of product,” D’Souza says. Regulators in various provinces are examining how they treat warranty coverages sold at auto dealerships for things like paint scrapes and other cosmetic issues.

    Related: Can car dealerships manage insurance risks from vehicle thefts?

    Auto retailers will also have to revisit their business-level risk management efforts.

    As EV sales rise, car sales lots will have large numbers of batteries that can be fire-prone under certain conditions, inside garages and other parts of their facilities. Insurers will be looking to see if dealerships keep a close eye on loss control.

    “It will be…underwritten as an auto dealer [but] there will be more exposure and risk potentially, in terms of these vehicles’ batteries,” he says.

    Insurers also will continue to expect auto dealers to maintain longstanding general risk management efforts, like onsite security, including installation and monitoring cameras to prevent vandalism and deter vehicle theft.

  • Brokerage, insurtech join forces on a novel underwriting platform

    Brokerage, insurtech join forces on a novel underwriting platform

    Modern, innovative technology

    Canadian insurtech MyChoice Financial and brokerage Billyard Insurance Group (BIG) have joined forces on an underwriting and pre-risk assessment platform designed to stop soft (or unintentional) fraud and rate evasion from both broker and consumer perspectives.

    The PrecisionX platform embeds underwriting intelligence directly into the broker workflow, identifying underwriting deficiencies and mispriced risks earlier in the process, BIG explains in a press release. This helps manage errors before they become costly exceptions for carrier underwriting teams or downstream claims activity.

    Currently, most broker management systems allow brokers to submit applications with errors, missing documents, or eligibility violations, relying on the carrier to catch them downstream, Aren Mirzaian, MyChoice CEO, tells Canadian Underwriter. “PrecisionX effectively places a senior underwriter over the shoulder of every single broker, 24/7.”

    For example, the system instantly identifies and flags the following areas of premium leakage that brokers are expected to manually check (along with 70+ other validations):

    • Missing claims and convictions: It cross-references the quote against MVRs (motor vehicle records) and DASH (driver and auto search history) to find undisclosed history
    • Date first licensed mismatches: It specifically catches out-of-country experience that doesn’t align with domestic equivalents
    • Garaging location: PrecisionX identifies address discrepancies between the driver’s licence and the policy address
    • Unlisted drivers and vehicles: Flags household members or vehicles from prior policies that were omitted. This is critical for preventing rate evasion, where high-risk drivers (like a teen or spouse with convictions) are intentionally hidden to artificially suppress premiums, Mirzaian says.

    “There is currently nothing in the market just quite like PrecisionX,” he says. “To our knowledge, no other brokerage in Canada is pre-underwriting at this level of technical enforcement.”

    Core underwriting objectives

    The artificial intelligence-based platform is built around three core underwriting objectives:

    • Reducing loss-ratio volatility through improved risk assessment prior to bind
    • Improving underwriting accuracy by standardizing and validating data inputs in real time during underwriting and binding
    • Increasing operational efficiency by minimizing manual reviews, rework and exception handling.

    “The goal was to improve how risk is assessed before it ever reaches binding,” BIG CEO Stephen Billyard says in the release. “If you can standardize, validate, and enrich submissions upstream, you reduce friction across the entire value chain.

    “What we’ve seen so far is a measurable improvement in speed, efficiency and accuracy, with early indicators pointing to stronger risk assessment and reduced downstream underwriting friction.”

    MyChoice and BIG have been working in partnership on the project over the past two years. The technology has resulted in material loss-ratio improvements for carrier partners by identifying risks earlier in the process, Mirzaian reports. The platform has been in the market for more than a year now.

    MyChoice takes over the printing of the insurance application, as well as the billing and signing process. “If the risk doesn’t fit the carrier’s appetite or the data doesn’t validate, the application simply cannot be generated,” Mirzaian says.

    If there’s an issue, the system “forces compliance,” he adds. It triggers a ‘hard stop’ when specific proof is required, such as a winter tire invoice, letter of experience, or driver’s licence history report.

    PrecisionX reads and validates the proof upon upload and references it against the discrepancy. While a human might miss a small date discrepancy or hidden claim, the system catches it instantly.

    “Industry observers note that this type of pre-emptive underwriting support is becoming increasingly critical as insurers tighten guidelines and place greater emphasis on submission quality, consistency, and predictability from distribution partners,” BIG says in the release. “That shift has increasingly drawn carrier attention upstream, toward how risk is prepared and validated before it enters core underwriting systems.”

    Mirzaian says the hope is this type of technology will lead to better results not just for insurers, but consumers as well through more transparency and less bait and switch, for example.

    MyChoice also recently partnered with Guidewire through its Insurtech Vanguards program and will be demonstrating PrecisionX capabilities at the Guidewire Marketplace Summit in Toronto on Mar. 5.

  • What expanded Canadian EV manufacturing means for commercial insurers

    What expanded Canadian EV manufacturing means for commercial insurers

    EV auto assembly line using robots

    If electric vehicle (EV) manufacturing takes off in Canada, insurers will look closely at the quality of loss engineering at those factories.

    “You’re looking…at potential total insured value exposures, because there’s going to be batteries…at those plants [making them] higher in terms of potential for fire hazards. [With] those batteries stored there, coverages are going to be more,” says Clinton D’Souza, Marsh senior vice president of specialty commercial auto transportation placement.

    Several factors suggest Canada could morph into an EV manufacturing hub over the long term. For example:

    Several Asian EV makers are capturing global buyer attention. If those firms establish markets and open plants here, that could shift supply chains to the East. D’Souza says. And that might lead to “more uptake in supply chain or wholesale suppliers that will bring in these shipments and process [parts of vehicles] over here in Canada.”

    Related: Can insurers set rates on Chinese EVs without risk data?

    In general, D’Souza adds, any time manufacturing supplies are transported on ships, underwriters will examine not only the routes those ships take, but also how the goods being transported are cared for during transit. Such concerns will continue to be critical for marine underwriters, particularly because EV parts are expensive and specialized.

    “I can see that there’s going to be more onus and more deeper underwriting in terms of these supplies that come in. And with these suppliers, you’re not only underwriting them …you’re looking at the third-party relationships – from subcontractors, sub-suppliers, and to see how that supply chain can still be maintained,” he tells Canadian Underwriter.

    “There’s going to be more emphasis on that supply chain or sub-suppliers to these manufacturers when it comes to those types of parts.”

    As for the shipping companies themselves, D’Souza says it’s a question of how fast they’ll be able to get up and running following site incidents. And, from a business interruption standpoint, insurers will be looking at shipping companies’ past losses, regardless of whether the goods being moved are for electric or conventional automobiles.

    “Past losses always have an impact on the current price,” he says. “Plus, it’s important for shippers to do their due diligence to know the suppliers from which they’re getting goods, and have confidence that goods will actually make it onto their ships.

    Related: What Chinese EVs mean for your conversations with clients

    There also will be adjustments when manufacturers, and the shipping companies serving them, pivot away from routes entering Canada via Atlantic and lake ports, and toward those centred on Asia.

    Shipments from Asian suppliers will likely port into Vancouver, meaning goods will have to be moved by rail and truck to plants in Ontario, Quebec or other parts of Canada. That could cause slowdowns, making business interruption an even more critical coverage for both suppliers and manufacturers.

    Longer supply chains may also extend the time goods spend in warehouses. And, over time, that could spark construction of new warehousing facilities to support demand. Underwriters can be expected to have an eye on loss control at those stopping points.

    “Because…these parts [may be] susceptible to fire, obviously sprinklers are going to be critical. In terms of the underwriting of these warehouses, [we’d look at] other ways potential fire could be put out. I see that more in terms of ties back to…loss engineering, especially for these types of parts [that] will be stored in warehouses,” says D’Souza.

    “One of the things that we’ll see as a major impact is going to be that if you’ve got a claim, it’s going to [cost] a little more…because [these are] very specialized parts.”

    This article appeared in the Canadian Underwriter Commercial Speciality Quarterly newsletter. A newsletter tailored to insurance pros at all levels looking to explore opportunities in focused coverages. Sign up to get insights like this delivered to you directly.